Analisa Pengaruh Gerakan Elektroda pada Pengelasan SMAW terhadap Uji Kekerasan dan Kekuatan Bending Baja ST 37

Abstract

SMAW welding is welding with an elictrical arc which is used as a heat source to melt metal (electrode). This study discusses the movement of electrodes in the welding process of bending strength and the nature of the hardness that occurs in ST 37.The method used is factorial experiments, where there is one factor, namely electrode movement. There are there electrode movement that are straight, zig-zag and U pattern. Based on the results of the research, the electroode movement used has a significant effect on bending strength and hardness value is found in zig-zak movement, with bending strenght of 879.05 N/mm2 and the value of welded hardness is 70.3 kg/mm2, HAZ (Heated Affected Zone) is 73 kg/mm2, base metal is 70,6 kg/mm2 while the lowest bending and hardness strength value are in the straight motion, with bending strength of 663.21 N/mm2 and the value of weld hardness of 65 kg/mm2, HAZ of 71.2 kg/mm2, base metal of 63.6 kg/mm2. In welding ST 37 steel to get the highest value of bending and hardness strenght, it is better to use zig-zag electrode movement. So it can be concluded that the difference in moving the electrode will effect the value of bending strenght and the hardness value of steel ST 37.